<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE root>
<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.1d1" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">Kazakhstan journal for oil &amp; gas industry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Kazakhstan journal for oil &amp; gas industry</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2707-4226</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2957-806X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>KMG Engineering</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">100605</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.54859/kjogi100605</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Review Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Formation and preservation of reservoirs at great depth</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name name-style="western"><surname>Kuandykov</surname><given-names>Baltabek M.</given-names></name><email>bmku@meridian-petroleum.kz</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name name-style="western"><surname>Syngaevskii</surname><given-names>P. E.</given-names></name><email>pavel.syngaevsky@chevron.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name name-style="western"><surname>Hafizov</surname><given-names>S. F.</given-names></name><bio>&lt;p&gt;Doctor of Science, Head of E&amp;amp;A Department&lt;/p&gt;</bio><email>khafizov@gubkin.ru</email><uri content-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1426-7649</uri><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff-1">“Meridian Petroleum”</aff><aff id="aff-2">Chevron</aff><aff id="aff-3">Russian State University of oil and gas named after Gubkina</aff><pub-date date-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2022-07-20" publication-format="electronic"><day>20</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>4</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>11</fpage><lpage>26</lpage><history><pub-date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2022-02-13"><day>13</day><month>02</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2022-07-07"><day>07</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2022, Kuandykov B.M., Syngaevskii P.E., Hafizov S.F.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year></permissions><abstract>&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;The article comprises of the conditions for the formation of reservoirs that retain their properties at great depths, as well as the geological features that are necessary for their safety during subsidence. Since the factors that ensure preservation are very diverse, their digitization is quite difficult; rather, we should say on considering many factors, the combination of which, and not necessarily all at once, is sufficient to forecast the existence of hydrocarbon deposits (and therefore, first of all, reservoirs) at depths that have become technologically accessible, that is, to expand the range geological forecast, which is technologically achieved.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>ultra-deep sections</kwd><kwd>terrigenous and carbonate reservoirs</kwd><kwd>primary and secondary porosity</kwd><kwd>reservoir properties</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="kk"><kwd>аса терең қималар</kwd><kwd>терригенді және карбонатты коллекторлар</kwd><kwd>бастапқы және қайталама кеуектілік</kwd><kwd>сүзгілі-сыйлымдылық қасиеттері</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сверхглубокие разрезы</kwd><kwd>терригенные и карбонатные коллекторы</kwd><kwd>первичная и вторичная пористость</kwd><kwd>фильтрационно-емкостные свойства</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>Jian Li, She Yuanqi, Gao Yang, Yang Guiru, Li Mingpeng, Yang Shen. Onshore deep and ultra-deep natural gas exploration fields and potentials in China. – China Petroleum exploration, 2019, vol. 24, no. 4.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Xusheng Guo, Dongfeng Hu, Yuping Li, Jinbao Duan, Xuefeng Zhang, Xiaojun Fan, Hua Duan, Wencheng Li. Theoretical Progress and Key Technologies of Onshore Ultra-Deep Oil/Gas Exploration. – ScienceDirect, Engineering, 2019, р. 458–470. DOI: 10.1016/j.eng.2019.01.012. 5.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>Chunchun Xu, Weihong Zou, Yueming Yang, Yong Duan, Yang Shen, Bing Luo, Chao Ni, Xiaodong Fu, Jianyong Zhang. Status and prospects of deep oil and gas resources exploration and development onshore China. – Journal of Natural Gas Geoscience, 2018, no. 3, р. 11-24. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jnggs.2018.03.004.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Коллекторы нефти и газа на больших глубинах. – Тезисы докладов II Всесоюзной конференции. МИНХ и ГП им. Губкина, 1978, 218 с. // Kollektory nefti i gaza na bol'shih glubinah [Deep oil and gas reservoirs]. – Tezisy dokladov II Vsesojuznoi konferencii [Abstracts of the II All-Union Conference]. MINH i GP im. Gubkina, 1978, 218 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Ehrenberg S.N. and Nadeau P.H. Sandstone vs. carbonate petroleum reservoirs: A global perspective on porosity-depth and porosity-permeability relationships. AAPG Bulletin, 2005, v. 89, no. 4, pp. 435–445. DOI: 10.1306/11230404071.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>https://ihsmarkit.com/product-type/consulting.html (платный сервис).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>https://www.elsevier.com/solutions/geofacets (платный сервис).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Strasser E. Applicability of Ultra-Deep Vienna Basin Drilling Experience for Future Exploration Requirements. – Master Thesis. Montanuniversität Leoben (Anwendbarkeit von Bohrerfahrungen im übertiefen Wiener Becken für zukünftige Erkundungsbohrungen), 2015 (https://pure.unileoben.ac.at/portal/en/).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Tian Jun, Yang Haijun, Wu Chao, Mo Tao, Zhu Wenhui, Shi Lingling. Discovery of Well Bozi 9 and ultra-deep natural gas exploration potential in the Kelasu tectonic zone of the Tarim Basin. – Natural Gas Industry, 2020, 40(1), р. 11–19 (in Chinese).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Li Jianzhong, Tao Xiaowan, Bai Bin, Huang Shipeng, Jiang Qingchun, Zhao Zhenyu, Chen Yanyan, Ma Debo, Zhang Liping, Li Ningxi, Song Wei. Geological conditions, reservoir evolution and favorable exploration directions of marine ultra-deep oil and gas in China. – Petroleum Exploration and Development, 2021, v. 48, Issue 1, р. 60–79 (online English edition of the Chinese language journal).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Heydari E. Porosity loss, fluid flow, and mass transfer in limestone reservoirs: application to the Upper Jurassic Smackover Formation, Mississippi. – AAPG Bull 2000, 84(1),100–18.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Godo T. The Smackover-Norphlet Petroleum System, DeepWater Gulf of Mexico: Oil Fields, Oil Shows, and Dry Holes. – Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies, 2019, 8, рp. 104–152.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Исказиев К.О., Сынгаевский П.Е., Хафизов С. Ф. Нефть на больших глубинах. Залежи оффшорных месторождений Мексиканского залива. – Вестник нефтегазовой отрасли Казахстана, 2021, т. 3, № 1, с. 3–26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54859/kjogi88859. // Iskaziev K.O., Syngaevskiĭ P.E., Hafizov S. F. Neft' na bol'shih glubinah. Zalezhi offshornyh mestorozhdeniĭ Meksikanskogo zaliva [Deep oil. Offshore deposits of the Gulf of Mexico] – Vestnik neftegazovoj otrasli Kazahstana [Kazakhstan journal for oil &amp; gas industry], 2021, v. 3, No. 1, pp. 3–26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54859/kjogi88859.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Исказиев К.О., Сынгаевский П.Е., Хафизов С. Ф. Нефть на больших глубинах. Залежи оффшорных месторождений Мексиканского залива в отложениях свиты Норфлет, История освоения и перспективы. Вестник нефтегазовой отрасли Казахстана, 2021, т. 3, № 2, с. 3–20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54859/kjogi89466. // Iskaziev K.O., Syngaevskiĭ P.E., Hafizov S. F. Neft' na bol'shih glubinah. Zalezhi offshornyh mestorozhdeniĭ Meksikanskogo zaliva v otlozhenijah svity Norflet, Istorija osvoenija i perspektivy [Deep oil. Offshore deposits of the Gulf of Mexico in the Norflet Formation, The History of development and prospects]. Vestnik neftegazovoj otrasli Kazakhstana [Kazakhstan journal for oil &amp; gas industry],], 2021, v. 3, No. 2, pp. 3–20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.54859/kjogi89466.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B15"><label>15.</label><mixed-citation>Zonneveld J –P., Golding M., Moslow T.F., Orchard M.J., Playter T., Wilson N. Depositional framework of the Lower Triassic Montey Formation, west-central Alberta and northeastern British Columbia. – Canadian Society of Petroleum Geologists, Canadian Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Joint Annual Meeting, Abstracts, 2011, p. 1–4.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B16"><label>16.</label><mixed-citation>National Board of Canada, 2020 (https://www.canada.ca/en.html).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B17"><label>17.</label><mixed-citation>Липатова В.В., Волож Ю.А., Самодуров В.И., Светличная Э.А. Триас Прикаспийской впадины и перспективы его нефтегазоносности. – Труды ВНИГНИ, Недра, 1982, вып. 236М, 152 с. // Lipatova V.V., Volozh Ju.A., Samodurov V.I., Svetlichnaja Je.A. Trias Prikaspiĭskoĭ vpadiny i perspektivy ego neftegazonosnosti [Triassic of the Caspian depression and the prospects for its oil and gas potential]. – Trudy VNIGNI, Nedra, 1982, vyp. 236M, 152 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B18"><label>18.</label><mixed-citation>Guo Xs, Hu Df, Li Yp, Duan Jb, Ji Ch, Duan H. Discovery and theoretical and technical innovations of Yuanba gas field in Sichuan Basin. – SW China, Pet Explor Dev, 2018; 45(1), pр. 14–26.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B19"><label>19.</label><mixed-citation>Surdam R.C., Boese S.W., Crossey L.J. Role of organic and inorganic reactions in development of secondary porosity in sandstones: abstract. – AAPG Bull.,1982, 66, 635 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B20"><label>20.</label><mixed-citation>Dutton, S. P., Kim, E. M., Broadhead, R. F., Breton, C. L., Raatz, W. D., Ruppel, S. C., and Kerans, Charles, 2005, Play analysis and digital portfolio of major oil reservoirs in the Permian Basin: The University of Texas at Austin, Bureau of Economic Geology Report of Investigations No. 271, 287 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B21"><label>21.</label><mixed-citation>Sarg J.F. Oil and Gas Reservoirs and Coral Reefs. In: Hopley D. (eds) Encyclopedia of Modern Coral Reefs. Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series. – Springer, Dordrecht, 2011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-2639-2_121.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B22"><label>22.</label><mixed-citation>Ngia N.R., Hu M. &amp; Gao D. Hydrocarbon reservoir development in reef and shoal complexes of the Lower Ordovician carbonate successions in the Tazhong Uplift in central Tarim basin, NW China: constraints from microfacies characteristics and sequence stratigraphy. – J Petrol Explor Prod Technol, 2020, 10, р. 2693–2720. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13202-020-00936-y.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B23"><label>23.</label><mixed-citation>Haiqing He, Fan Tuzhi, Guo Xujie, Yang Tao, Zheng Min, Huang Fuxi, Gao Yang, 2021. Major achievements in oil and gas exploration of PetroChina during the 13th Five-Year Plan period and its development strategy for the 14th Five-Year Plan. – China Petroleum Exploration, 2021. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2021.01.002.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B24"><label>24.</label><mixed-citation>Aschwanden L., Larryn W.D., Martin M., Donald W.D. Creation of Secondary Porosity in Dolostones by Upwelling Basement Water in the Foreland of the Alpine Orogen. – Geofluids, 2019, 23 p. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/5210404.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B25"><label>25.</label><mixed-citation>Lu Wang, Yongming He, Xian Peng, Hui Deng, Yicheng Liu, Wei Xu, 2020. Pore structure characteristics of an ultradeep carbonate gas reservoir and their effects on gas storage and percolation capacities in the Deng IV member, Gaoshiti-Moxi Area, Sichuan Basin, SW China. – Marine and Petroleum Geology, 2020, 111, р. 44–65. DOI: 10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2019.08.012.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B26"><label>26.</label><mixed-citation>Zhang X.F., Shi K.B., Liu B., Yang Y.K., Wang J.Q. Retention processes and porosity preservation in deep carbonate reservoirs. – Geol Sci Tech Info, 2014; 33 (02), р. 80–5. (in Chinese).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B27"><label>27.</label><mixed-citation>Guo Xs, Guo Tl, Huang Rc, Chen Zq. Reservoir development characteristics and predication technologies of large Puguang–Yuanba gas field. – Eng Sci, 2010, 12(10), р. 82–90. (in Chinese).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B28"><label>28.</label><mixed-citation>Guo Xs, Hu Df, Li Yp, Duan Jb, Ji Ch, Duan H. Discovery and theoretical and technical innovations of Yuanba gas field in Sichuan Basin, SW China. – Pet Explor Dev 2018; 45(1), р. 14–26.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B29"><label>29.</label><mixed-citation>He Zl, Jin Xh, Wo YJ, Li Hl, Bai Zr, Jiao Cl, et al. Hydrocarbon accumulation characteristics and exploration domains of ultra-deep marine carbonates in China. –China Petro Explor, 2016, 21(1), р. 3–14. (in Chinese).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B30"><label>30.</label><mixed-citation>Li Yang, Xue Zhaojie, Cheng Zhe, Jiang Haijun, Wang Ruyue. Progress and development directions of deep oil and gas exploration and development in China. – China Petroleum Exploration, 2020. DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1672-7703.2020.01.005 (in Chinese).</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
