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<article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.1d1" xml:lang="en"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher">Kazakhstan journal for oil &amp; gas industry</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title>Kazakhstan journal for oil &amp; gas industry</journal-title></journal-title-group><issn publication-format="print">2707-4226</issn><issn publication-format="electronic">2957-806X</issn><publisher><publisher-name>KMG Engineering</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">108876</article-id><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.54859/kjogi108876</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Comparative analysis of catalytic reforming technologies in Kazakhstan</article-title></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author"><name name-style="western"><surname>Dyussova</surname><given-names>Rizagul M.</given-names></name><bio>&lt;p&gt;Cand. Sc. (Engineering)&lt;/p&gt;</bio><email>rizagul.dyussova@gmail.com</email><uri content-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3083-5255</uri><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name name-style="western"><surname>Zhakmanova</surname><given-names>Yekaterina A.</given-names></name><email>ekaterina.zakmanova1998@gmail.com</email><uri content-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0545-5912</uri><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author"><name name-style="western"><surname>Seitenova</surname><given-names>Gaini Zh.</given-names></name><bio>&lt;p&gt;Cand. Sc. (Chemistry)&lt;/p&gt;</bio><email>gainiseitenova@gmail.com</email><uri content-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6202-3951</uri><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff id="aff-1">Toraighyrov University</aff><aff id="aff-2">Eurasian National University</aff><pub-date date-type="epub" iso-8601-date="2025-12-24" publication-format="electronic"><day>24</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>7</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>91</fpage><lpage>100</lpage><history><pub-date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2025-05-21"><day>21</day><month>05</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date date-type="accepted" iso-8601-date="2025-06-09"><day>09</day><month>06</month><year>2025</year></pub-date></history><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright © 2025, Dyussova R.M., Zhakmanova Y.A., Seitenova G.Z.</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year></permissions><abstract>&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;This study compares catalytic reforming technologies, focusing on fixed-bed reforming and continuous catalyst regeneration (CCR) reforming. Fixed-bed systems offer simpler process configurations and lower operational and maintenance requirements, making them a more cost-effective option. Their ability to extend catalyst life by minimizing the frequency of regeneration and replacement represents a notable economic advantage. In contrast, CCR reforming delivers higher processing efficiency and improved product quality but demands greater operating expenditures and more advanced catalyst control systems.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;The study evaluates the effectiveness of different catalytic reforming technologies – fixed-bed and CCR – in terms of their impact on process stability, product quality, feedstock and product composition, as well as their potential to enhance the productivity and operational resilience of Kazakhstan’s refineries amid the ongoing development of the national petrochemical sector.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Comparative analysis, gas chromatography, spectroscopy, component and group analysis, fractional composition determination.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The analysis of feedstock used in fixed-bed catalytic reforming demonstrated stable process performance, which contributed to improved predictability of reforming unit operations. The presence of iso-paraffins in the feedstock enhanced the quality of high-octane gasoline, while the increased content of naphthenes and aromatic hydrocarbons in the reformate indicated more efficient conversion of heavy fractions.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The analysis confirmed that both fixed-bed and CCR reforming technologies continue to evolve, enabling the production of high-quality end products and ensuring stable refinery operations, thereby contributing to the development of Kazakhstan’s petrochemical industry.&lt;/p&gt;</abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>catalytic reforming</kwd><kwd>gasoline</kwd><kwd>catalyst</kwd><kwd>oil refining</kwd><kwd>petrochemistry</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="kk"><kwd>каталитикалық риформинг</kwd><kwd>отын</kwd><kwd>катализатор</kwd><kwd>мұнайды қайта өңдеу</kwd><kwd>мұнай химиясы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>каталитический риформинг</kwd><kwd>топливо</kwd><kwd>катализатор</kwd><kwd>нефтепереработка</kwd><kwd>нефтехимия</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><body></body><back><ref-list><ref id="B1"><label>1.</label><mixed-citation>kmg.kz [Internet]. KazMunayGas. Annual report 2024 [cited 2025 Feb 13]. Available from: www.kmg.kz/upload/iblock/639/l2ec2zeraseaf35fn42mqd4f4c0o9blg/KazMunayGas_AR2024_RUS_0405.pdf.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B2"><label>2.</label><mixed-citation>Yegorov OI. Partnerstvo Kazahstana s mirovymi kompaniyami v neftegazovom sektore. Sbornik materialov mezhdunarodnoy nauchno-prakticheskoy konferentsii «Kazahstanskokitayskoe sotrudnichestvo v neftegazovoy sfere». Almaty: NIIMiRS DKU; 2021. P. 87–99. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B3"><label>3.</label><mixed-citation>qazindustry.gov.kz [Internet]. QazIndustry. Natsional’nyy doklad o sostoyanii promyshlennosti Respubliki Kazakhstan [cited 2025 Feb 13]. Available from: qazindustry.gov.kz/images/docs//regdoc_ru--1736889600.pdf. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B4"><label>4.</label><mixed-citation>Niyazbekova SU, Nazarenko OV. Modern condition and prospects of the republic of Kazakhstan Oil and Gas Sector Development. Economics and Management. 2018;4(27):7–14. doi: 10.21777/2587-554X-2018-4-7-14.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B5"><label>5.</label><mixed-citation>Serikova TP, Akhmetova SM, editors. Innovatsionnye podkhody v razvitii neftegazovoy promyshlennosti v Atyrauskoy oblasti: sbornik nauchnykh trudov Tret’ego mezhdunarodnogo seminar-soveshchaniya. Atyrau: Atyrau Univerity of Oil and Gas; 2005, 504 p. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B6"><label>6.</label><mixed-citation>pnhz.kz [Internet]. Pavlodar Oil Chemistry Refinery [cited 2025 Feb 13]. Available from: www.pnhz.kz/.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B7"><label>7.</label><mixed-citation>Juman J, Du B, Khamzayeva AV. Current state of the oil and gas industry in Kazakhstan. Bulletin of the National Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Kazakhstan. 2024;408(2):470–485. doi: 10.32014/2024.2518-1467.735. (In Russ).</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B8"><label>8.</label><mixed-citation>Sparkman OD, Penton ZE, Kitson FG. Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrometry: A Practical Guide, 2nd Edition. Elsevier; 2011. 611 p.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B9"><label>9.</label><mixed-citation>Mokheimer EMA, Shakeel MR, Harale A, et al. Fuel reforming processes for hydrogen production. Fuel. 2024;359:130427. doi: 10.1016/j.fuel.2023.130427.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B10"><label>10.</label><mixed-citation>Gupta A, Gupta SK. Catalyst regeneration techniques in naphtha reforming: Short review. Chemical and Process Engineering. 2022;43(2):101–108. doi: 10.24425/cpe.2022.140813.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B11"><label>11.</label><mixed-citation>Atarianshandiz M, McAuley KB, Shahsavand A. Modeling and Parameter Tuning for Continuous Catalytic Reforming of Naphtha in an Industrial Reactor System. Processes. 2023;11(10):2838. doi: 10.3390/pr11102838.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B12"><label>12.</label><mixed-citation>Dong XJ, Shen JN, Ma ZF, He YJ. Robust optimal operation of continuous catalytic reforming process under feedstock uncertainty. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy. 2022;47(84):35641–35654. doi: 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2022.08.161.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B13"><label>13.</label><mixed-citation>Boukezoula TF, Bencheikh L, Belkhiat DEC. A heterogeneous mathematical model for a spherical fixed bed axial flow reactor applied to a naphtha reforming process: enhancing performance challenge using a non-uniform catalyst distribution in the pellet. Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis. 2022;135(5):2323–2340. doi: 10.1007/s11144-022-02257-z.</mixed-citation></ref><ref id="B14"><label>14.</label><mixed-citation>Chen J. Hydrogen production in fixed-bed reactors with combined reformer-burner modules by steam-ethanol reforming at different temperatures. Authorea. 2023. doi: 10.22541/au.167569381.13621304/v1.</mixed-citation></ref></ref-list></back></article>
