Kazakhstan journal for oil & gas industryKazakhstan journal for oil & gas industry2707-42262957-806XKMG Engineering10888510.54859/kjogi108885Research ArticleField application of injectivity profile alignment in carbonate reservoirsNugmanNurdaulet T.n.nugman@kmge.kzhttps://orcid.org/0009-0002-5597-2926BukharbayevaАйдана N.a.bukharbayeva@kmge.kzhttps://orcid.org/0009-0001-3861-7888KurakovDaniyar N.d.kurakov@kmge.kzhttps://orcid.org/0009-0000-8679-3731BaspayevYerlan T.y.baspayev@kmge.kzhttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-8912-9938BashevAdilbek A.a.bashev@kmge.kzhttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-7050-7249JaxylykovTalgat S.t.jaxylykov@kmge.kzhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1530-3974MardanovAltynbek S.a.mardanov@kmge.kzhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8342-3046MusharovaDarya A.d.musharova@kmge.kzhttps://orcid.org/0009-0008-9605-0737ZhappasbayevBirzhan Zh.<p>PhD</p>b.zhappasbayev@kmge.kzhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9342-3023Atyrau branch of KMG EngineeringKMG Engineering241220257425370207202503102025Copyright © 2025, Nugman N.T., Bukharbayeva А.N., Kurakov D.N., Baspayev Y.T., Bashev A.A., Jaxylykov T.S., Mardanov A.S., Musharova D.A., Zhappasbayev B.Z.2025<p><strong>Background: </strong>Carbonate reservoirs are widespread and geologically complex, making their development a persistent challenge for the oil and gas industry. Low-permeability formations typically exhibit strong heterogeneity and a fractured–porous matrix, which hinder uniform oil displacement during conventional waterflooding. In such settings, reservoir pressure maintenance often results in early water breakthroughs along high-permeability zones and reduced sweep efficiency.</p> <p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study reports injectivity profile alignment (IPA) in a carbonate reservoir in Kazakhstan to optimize waterflooding and enhance displacement efficiency.</p> <p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>The study covers the reservoir’s geological and petrophysical characteristics, the selection of water-blocking formulations based on laboratory results, and the criteria for identifying candidate injection wells. Effectiveness was evaluated from injectivity profile changes and production responses of nearby wells.</p> <p><strong>Results: </strong>IPA treatments were implemented in six injection wells, with 100–150 m³ of water-blocking formulation injected per well. Logging confirmed improved injectivity profiles and flow contribution from previously inactive intervals. Sweep efficiency increased by an average of 14%. Field monitoring showed stable performance, with each treatment yielding about 1.2 thousand tonnes of incremental oil.</p> <p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results confirm that IPA is effective for stabilizing reservoir pressure maintenance and enhancing oil recovery in complex fractured–porous media.</p>carbonate reservoirsflow-diverting technologiesinjectivity profile alignment (IPA)waterfloodingreservoir pressure maintenancewater-blocking formulationsreservoir heterogeneityfractured–porous mediaкарбонатты коллекторларағыннан бас тарту технологиясықабылдау профилін тегістеусуландыруқабат қысымын ұстауоқшаулағыш құрамдарколлектор гетерогенділігікеукті-сызатты құрылымкарбонатные коллекторыпотокоотклоняющие технологиивыравнивание профиля приемистостизаводнениеподдержание пластового давленияизолирующие составыгетерогенность коллекторовпористо-трещиноватая структура1.Aljuboori FA, Lee JH, Elraies KA, Stephen KD. 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