Қазақстанның мұнай-газ саласының хабаршысыҚазақстанның мұнай-газ саласының хабаршысы2707-42262957-806XKMG Engineering10896510.54859/kjogi108965Analysis of Non-Stationary Waterflooding Application in Carbonate ReservoirsKekilbayevaGaukhargaukharkekilbayeva@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0005-5037-0098IsmailovaJamilyam Abdulakhatovnaj.ismailova@satbayev.universityhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7680-7084AbdullinaAigerimabdullinakrg@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0483-2798ZHENISDinmukhammedD.Zhenis@kmge.kzhttps://orcid.org/0009-0003-4934-7347841703202623092026Copyright © , Kekilbayeva G., Ismailova J.A., Abdullina A., ZHENIS D.<p>he article presents a systematic review of the theoretical foundations, laboratory and numerical studies, as well as field applications of non-stationary (cyclic) waterflooding technology in carbonate oil reservoirs. The classification of non-stationary waterflooding methods, the main mechanisms of enhanced oil recovery, and the features of reservoir simulation are discussed. Examples of successful field applications in various regions, including Kazakhstan, Russia, China, and the Middle East, are also considered. An analysis of the effectiveness conditions and limitations of the method is carried out, and current challenges and prospects for further development are identified, including integration with intelligent control systems and other EOR technologies. Based on the review, conclusions are drawn regarding the practical significance and scaling potential of non-stationary waterflooding for the development of hard-to-recover reserves in fractured and heterogeneous reservoirs.</p>нестационарное заводнение, циклическая закачка, карбонатные коллекторы, коэффициент извлечения нефти, капиллярно-упругий механизм, гидродинамическое моделирование, трещиноватость, адаптивное управление, EOR, остаточная нефть