Қазақстанның мұнай-газ саласының хабаршысыҚазақстанның мұнай-газ саласының хабаршысы2707-42262957-806XKMG Engineering10903010.54859/kjogi109030Physicochemical characterization of by-products of the Shymkent oil refinery as potential raw materials for the rubber industryKaldybayevaAru R.<p>PhD student, Department of Technology of Inorganic and Petrochemical Productions</p>kaldybayevaaru@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-3677-9676TurebekovaGaukhar Z.<p>Candidate of Technical Sciences, Professor, Department of Technology of Inorganic and Petrochemical Productions</p>g.ture@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3251-1449M. Auezov South Kazakhstan University840110202620102026Copyright © , Kaldybayeva A.R., Turebekova G.Z.<p><strong>Aim.</strong> Comprehensive physicochemical characterization of two large-tonnage by-products of the Shymkent Oil Refinery (PetroKazakhstan Oil Products LLP, PKOP) — oil sludge and flake gas sulfur — and assessment of their suitability as secondary raw materials for the rubber industry.</p>
<p><strong>Methods.</strong> An averaged oil sludge sample from the sludge storage pond, its organic fraction isolated by Soxhlet extraction, and grade 9990 gas sulfur were studied using standard GOST methods, FTIR spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive analysis (SEM-EDS).</p>
<p><strong>Results.</strong> The PKOP oil sludge is a polydisperse layered system containing 61.86–71.22% organic matter, 0.33–5.20% water, and 23.58–37.81% mineral impurities. The organic fraction exhibits high density (989 kg/m³), Conradson carbon residue (13.5%), acid number (22.0 mg KOH/g), and a heavy fractional composition comparable to industrial asphaltene-resin plasticizers. PKOP gas sulfur (grade 9990) shows high purity (99.978%) and, according to FTIR and SEM-EDS data, is identical to technical sulfur (GOST 127.1-93).</p>
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