Том 2, № 4 (2020)

The article reviews information on oil and gas bearing basins, where considerable experience has been accumulated in the geological study and development of the so-called ultra-deep oil and gas deposits (depths over 6000 m), on the geological structure, discoveries within the considered oil and gas basins, data on wells drilled to great depths, including test results, reservoir fluids reserves and properties.

This paper presents a brief study of the presence and study of seismic material to study the geological structure of deposits and the natural state of hydrocarbon reserves within the Caspian, Ustyurt-Bachinsky and Mangyshlak basin. The research is based on the concept of studying hydrocarbon deposits by type by foreign companies, based on the structural and dynamic interpretation of seismic material on the example of Kazakhstan fields. Characteristic indicators of the concept are the selection of sedimentation conditions and the beginning of forecasting their distribution in areas where there is no well data, for the selection of sedimentation bodies, the presence of accumulation zones, as well as modern migration channels. The importance of studying seismic material with the help of dynamic interpretation of oil and gas fields in the Caspian basin was clearly demonstrated by earlier analyses of seismic material. Calculations, proofs, and experimental studies made it possible, based on the created conceptual model of the structure of hydrocarbon deposits, to justify the prospects for oil and gas potential and the feasibility of conducting geological exploration within these areas.

Deposition of asphaltenes, resins and paraffins in underground well equipment has always been one of the major challenges in the production of highly paraffinic oil at the Uzen field. This problem still remains extremely urgent, and measures to combat these complications are quite costly.

Paraffin deposition processes in wells and field equipment complicate oil production and lead to oil losses, as well as accidents and equipment downtime. For these reasons, it becomes necessary to conduct a laboratory research on the selection of effective solvents against paraffin deposition and methods for their removal.

In the Uzen field, the main causes of corrosion of underground equipment are the high watercut and the presence of acidic gases (Н2S and CO2) in the produced fluid. Corrosion of tubing leads to premature shutdown of wells, accidents and, as a result, reduction of oil production. The paper discusses the nature of the corrosive environment, as well as the extent, causes and conditions of the origin of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide corrosion. Results of laboratory studies of samples of steel grade 25 ChMFA after operation are given. A new approach to the problem of corrosion is being justified by conducting a pilot-industrial test of 25 ChMFA corrosionresistant steel tubing.

One of the directions for increasing the recovery factor, effective development of uncovered reserves, as well as maintaining current production, is drilling horizontal wells (hereinafter referred to as HW). The paper considers and provides the analysis for all EMG fields that have current geologic and hydrodynamic models used to select and calculate the design horizontal well locations.

In the paper the authors defined the necessary conditions for increasing the efficiency of horizontal drilling, optimized the length of the horizontal section, analyzed well areas, examined the sector hydrodynamic models, carried out the factor analysis of actual flow rates and the analysis of the current operation of downhole pumping equipment, analyzed changes in the physical and chemical properties and the energy state of the horizontal well zones.