Kazakhstan journal for oil & gas industry

Peer-review scholarly journal.

Editor-in-chief

  • Rakhim Nagangaliuly Uteyev

Founder & Publisher

About

The aim of this peer-review scientific journal is to highlight problems and issues in the development of the oil and gas industry, it publish articles on effective technologies, innovations, scientific and technical solutions in the oil and gas industry.

The journal allows specialists to quickly receive information about new theoretical and applied research, provides an opportunity for dialogue between production workers, specialists and scientists of the oil and gas industry with the general public, as well as the opportunity to disseminate experience of innovations, scientific and technical solutions for the oil and gas industry, employees of the oil and gas industry of all countries and accepts for publication scientific reviews, research results and brief messages on new scientific research and achievements in practice.

The audience of the journal includes specialists from the oil and gas industry, researchers, students, postgraduates and undergraduates, and educational staff.

The objective of the journal is to provide the scientific community, industrial enterprises, undergraduate and graduate students, and business representatives with the results of scientific research and applied developments in the main areas of the Oil & Gas industry such as:

  • hydrocarbon prospecting and exploration,
  • oil and gas field development and operation,
  • mathematical modeling of geological reservoir structure and filtration processes,
  • oil and gas production engineering and technology,
  • well product treatment,
  • physical and chemical oil increase methods,
  • ecology and economics.

Types of accepted articles

  • Reviews
  • Systematic reviews and metaanalysis
  • Original researches
  • Technical Reports
  • Datasets
  • Short communications
  • Letters to the editor
  • Editorials

Publication & Distribution

  • Quarterly, 4 issues per year.
  • Platinum Open Access (no Article Processing Charges fom authors)
  • Under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0).

Current Issue

Vol 6, No 3 (2024)

Geology

Formation and Preservation conditions of ultra-deep (>6000 m) hydrocarbon systems
Khafizov S.F., Kuandykov B.M., Syngaevsky P.E.
Abstract

For 40 years, the concept of petroleum systems has been well developed and a considerable amount of actual data has been accumulated. However, with the beginning of the development of ultra-large depths (more than 6000 m, although nowadays this boundary has been lowered to 8000 m) it became clear that many processes proceed somewhat differently, and some a priori assumptions cease to be relevant.

The article deals with the peculiarities of formation and conditions of preservation of petroleum systems when diving to ultra-large depths. Special attention is paid to numerous examples of HC detection in the liquid phase accumulated over the last decades, when the upper ‘classical’ threshold of formation temperatures, at which, as it was supposed, the transformation of liquid HC into gaseous should occur.

Examples of studies of ultra-deep sections, first, well data, considered in the article, allow us to constantly revise upward the maximum temperatures in the pools, leading to oil destruction, previously estimated rather conservatively. This, in turn, causes reassessment of HC potential of many basins. At the same time, the volume of reserves of both oil and gas in ultra-deep sections is constantly increasing, especially in China, where vast experience of direct continental projects has been accumulated. At the same time, there are limited opportunities to prepare any practical recommendations directly, and the development of methods for forecasting such accumulations requires further significant efforts.

It can be confidently assumed that the upper limit of the so-called ultra-deep will fall significantly below 8000 m, as the data show that geological constraints are significantly decreasing, technological solutions are continuously emerging, and their costs are steadily decreasing.

The development of ultra-deep projects as an alternative to the so-called ‘shale’ projects will inevitably lead to an increase in their efficiency in developing oil and gas deposits, which are not perceived as such today.

The article considers examples of ultra-deep hydrocarbon systems in the basins of continental China (Tarim, Dzungarian and Sichuan) and the Gulf of Mexico (Perdido folded zone).

Kazakhstan journal for oil & gas industry. 2024;6(3):8-30
pages 8-30 views
Identification of prospective oil-bearing areas in the peripheral parts of productive horizons U-12 and U-13 of the Zhetybai field
Assylbayeva A.O., Karamurzayeva A.B.
Abstract

Background: To date, a comprehensive range of scientific, geological exploration, and appraisal work has been conducted at the Zhetybai field. The overall structural map of the field has been relatively well established. However, several critical issues remain insufficiently studied or entirely unexplored. Based on the results of seismic exploration (3D common depth point method) and additional appraisal work, peripheral (edge) zones of the field structure have been identified, including its cross-faults, as well as transverse flexures and longitudinal faults on the southern wing of the structure, which require further investigation.

Aim: To further study the field structure, identify new potential hydrocarbon areas in the peripheral parts of the field, and assess the oil potential of the U-12 and U-13 horizons in the Zhetybai field.

Materials and methods: This study involved a qualitative assessment of the informativeness of seismic attributes, analysis of reflection geometry (configuration), dynamic amplitude parameters, continuity of frequency, and other indicators. The analysis of reflection characteristics, in conjunction with all available data, primarily geophysical survey data, allowed for hypothesizing sedimentary conditions and obtaining acceptable lithological assessments.

Results: The evaluation wells J-1, J-2, and J-3, drilled in 2023-2024 in the peripheral parts beyond the approved boundary of hydrocarbon-bearing horizons U-12 and U-13, yielded positive results. The productivity of the new reservoir was also confirmed by newly drilled production wells 5333, 5652, and 5367.

Conclusion: To further study the structure of the Zhetybai field and identify new potential hydrocarbon-bearing areas in the peripheral parts, as well as structural uplifts and sandstone bodies of horizons U-12 and U-13, evaluation wells J-1, J-2, and J-3 were drilled. The detailed identification of sandstone bodies allows for the prediction of prospective areas not covered by drilling. The positive results from drilling evaluation wells have refined the geological structure of horizons U-12 and U-13 and confirmed the productivity of the peripheral parts of the reservoirs.

Kazakhstan journal for oil & gas industry. 2024;6(3):31-47
pages 31-47 views

Oil and gas field development and exploitation

Experience in developing carbonate formations with hydraulic fracturing at fields of Gazprom Neft Group
Pichugin M.N., Churakov A.V., Kryazhev A.V., Dotkov Y.N.
Abstract

The development of carbonate formations with hydraulic fracturing is a very interesting and controversial process. In contrast to terrigenous formations, zonal stimulation can be performed by both acid and proppant fracturing methods, and the abundance of process variations expands the options even further. Although there is a general concept of choosing hydraulic fracturing technology depending on the geological and physical characteristics of the formation, the qualitative choice is complicated by the fact that effective solutions for one reservoir could not show the same efficiency in similar conditions at another one. For this reason, from the point of view of working with carbonates, to have as extensive experience as possible in various well conditions in order to minimize production risks and costs associated with the choice of approach and zonal stimulation technology.

The study aims to provide a technological overview of effective fracturing solutions for carbonate formations, seeking to understand their features and applicability depending on well and geological conditions. An important place is given to the communication of experience in the application of stimulation technologies that have proven themselves at carbonate formations of Gazprom Neft and show the risks and limitations that can be encountered when choosing a particular solution. It describes experience in hydraulic and multistage fracturing, technologies, approaches and their features depending on geological conditions of carbonate formations. The study also outlines the actual experience of using hydraulic fracturing technologies at carbonate formations, their comparative effectiveness, and the most successful practices based on the actual experience of the work performed. Much attention is paid to comparing the effectiveness of acid fracturing, acid-proppant fracturing, and variations of fracturing on viscous acid compositions.

The findings not only give an idea of the technological diversity of the types of zonal stimulation, but also highlights their comparative effectiveness in geological and physical conditions of the reservoir. The reflected experience can help to choose more effective solutions in the development of similar formations, reduce risks at early stages of preparation for fracturing and helps in deciding on the choice of stimulation technology, thereby improving the quality and efficiency of fields development.

Kazakhstan journal for oil & gas industry. 2024;6(3):48-58
pages 48-58 views
Geomechanical modeling aspects in support of hydraulic fracturing operations
Iastrebov P.V., Prodan A.S., Rodionov V.V., Ugryumov A.S.
Abstract

This paper describes the main aspects and nuances of geomechanical modeling that must be considered when supporting hydraulic fracturing operations and providing engineering support of projects. A key feature of geomechanical modeling for hydraulic fractures aims or self-induced fracturing in mature fields is the estimation of reservoir pressure, particularly in the vicinity of production and injection wells. In addition, this has a significant impact on stress anisotropy, which is the primary factor affecting the geometry of the hydraulic fracture and the surrounding induced stress field. It is also crucial to monitor geomechanical core studies, ensure quality control of samples, and accurately process research results since the profiles of elastic-strength properties and stresses depend on these factors. This paper also addresses fracturing, including its measurement, calculations, and the prediction of its spatial orientation and intensity.

Kazakhstan journal for oil & gas industry. 2024;6(3):59-71
pages 59-71 views
Automated methodology for calculating key production indicators of oil field development for business planning model
Zholdybayeva A.T., Ibrayev A.Y.
Abstract

Background: In order to secure the stable and efficient operations of oil-producing companies, it is essential to forecast the profitability and ROI of the enterprise, as well as to regulate development for the next 5 years. Accurate forecasts facilitate more informed planning and decision-making, directly influencing the economic sustainability and competitiveness of the enterprise.

Aim: The purpose of this study is to develop an innovative approach to automate the methodology for calculating key development indicators in a business planning model.

Materials and methods: The study utilizes methods for collecting and analyzing production and geological data, empirical forecasting models, and statistical analysis techniques to enchance the accuracy and reliability of forecasts. This approach employs modern algorithms and technologies to process large volumes of data, which allows for more accurate and reasonable forecasts of key production indicators of the field development.

Results: This methodology can be applied to forecast a five-year business plan and evaluate its expected implementation. It is integrated into the ‘Production planning and monitoring’ of the ABAI information system, which allows direct data export from the database, automates the monthly monitoring of production indicators, and generate reports for further export.

Conclusion: The proposed method for automated planning of key production indicators of the development enhances the accuracy and efficiency of forecasting, thereby improving the quality of planning and evaluating the implementation of the business plan. This contributes to more informed and strategically validated management of oil production processes. Automation of planning processes reduces the labor costs traditionally associated with manual analysis and calculations, freeing up resources for more strategic purposes. This enables rapid responses to changes in production conditions and prompt adjustments of plans. As a result, managers can allocate resources more efficiently, minimize risks, and increase the overall productivity of oil production operations.

Kazakhstan journal for oil & gas industry. 2024;6(3):72-81
pages 72-81 views

Транспорт нефти и газа

Testing the functionality of OLGA software for determining optimal oil transport modes to prevent solid particle deposition
Yerlepessov M.U., Zaitsev O.I., Yermekov A.A., Amirov S.K., Urbisinov Z.S.
Abstract

Background: During operation, all mechanical impurities entering the collector through the flow lines settle at the bottom due to a decrease in flow velocity. This leads to a reduction in the capacity of the pipeline network, increased pressure, and premature equipment wear. To address this issue it is essential to understand the dynamics and intensity of sludge formation at the bottom of the pipeline.

Aim: Evaluate the functionality and efficiency of the dynamic multiphase flow simulator in addressing challenges related to the transport of borehole fluid containing solid particles.

Materials and methods: To build a mathematical simulation of multiphase flow with solid particles using OLGA specialised software, we selected one of the oil gathering lines in field N, with a diameter of 159х10 mm and a length of 1600 m, as the study object. This oil gathering line collects production from 16 wells. The OLGA simulator was used to model the process and measure flow parameters with different particle diameters, predicting the dynamics of variables such as time-varying flow velocities, fluid composition, temperatures, and particulate deposition. For a flow with a particle diameter of 104 µm, active precipitation occurs at flow rates between 200 and 300 m³/day. At flow rates of 400 m³/day and above, the velocity is sufficient to carry the particles without significant accumulation in the pipeline.

Results: The software enabled the calculation of the dynamic system for different solid particle diameters in multiphase flow, addressing the challenge of evaluating the dynamics of solid phase accumulation in the pipeline and determining the fluid flow velocity required to prevent sludge formation. The software is suitable for implementing simulation modelling to develop technical solutions that minimise the risks of solid particle deposition in oil gathering pipelines during the operation of on-shore infrastructure facilities.

Conclusion: The software enabled the calculation of the dynamic system for different solid particle diameters in multiphase flow, addressing the challenge of evaluating the dynamics of solid phase accumulation in the pipeline and determining the fluid flow velocity required to prevent sludge formation. The software is suitable for implementing simulation modelling to develop technical solutions that minimise the risks of solid particle deposition in oil gathering pipelines during the operation of on-shore infrastructure facilities.

Kazakhstan journal for oil & gas industry. 2024;6(3):82-93
pages 82-93 views

Нефтехимия и переработка

Study of the effect of ultrasonic technology on the extraction of bitumen from bituminous rocks
Imanbayev Y.I., Ongarbayev Y.K., Myltykbaeva Z.K., Serikkazinova A.K., Malayev A.K., Muktaly D., Tileuberdi Y., Ayapbergenov Y.O.
Abstract

Background: Nowadays, there are few studies focused on the extraction of targeted products from bituminous rocks. Published research on the on the use of ultrasound for bitumen extraction refers to unconventional technologies. A distinctive feature of the bituminous rocks under study is their exposure at the surface, where they are situated in open areas. Due to various technogenic factors and prolonged atmospheric, light fractions are lost, while the heavier components undergo oxidation. These processes lead to the formation of heavy oils and hard bitumens with complex composition.

Aim: To study the effect of ultrasonic technology on the bitumen extraction of from bituminous rocks and to determine the physical and chemical properties of the product obtained.

Materials and methods: Thу ultrasonic method has many benefits, in particular energy and water savings, high productivity within a short period of time, and possibility of organizing a mobile unit installation at the production site. The main process parameters includes the determination of the required frequency and power depending on the object of ultrasound technology research. The results of the work have demonstrated that ultrasonic cavitation of bituminous rocks in an alkaline medium increases the degree of bitumen extraction.

Results: The physical and chemical properties of bitumen obtained as a result of studying the effect of ultrasonic technology on bitumen extraction from oil-bituminous rocks were determined.

Conclusion: The study identified the optimal process parameters based on the specific research object. When selecting the ultrasonic power it was found that clay compounds of bituminous rocks have a direct effect on the extraction of natural bitumen. It was demonstrated that ultrasound technology is a promising and industrially applicable technology for extracting bitumen from the bituminous rocks of the Munaily Mola field.

Kazakhstan journal for oil & gas industry. 2024;6(3):94-101
pages 94-101 views

Физико-химические и микробиологические исследования

Physico-chemical and microbiological parameters of natural, industrial recycled water and its treatment
Boiko G.I., Sarmurzina R.G., Lyubchenko N.P., Baltabekova Z.A., Tastambek K.T., Kenyaikin P.V., Taubatyrova A.
Abstract

Background: Under conditions of anthropogenic impact, the chemical composition of water in surface rivers and groundwater bodies is subjected to pollution, which leads not only to a decrease in water quality, but also to an increase in the number of pathogenic and opportunistic bacteria.

Aim: The purpose of this work is to study the physicochemical and microbiological parameters of natural and industrial recycled water before and after treatment with coagulants based on activated aluminum alloys.

Materials and methods: As natural waters were analyzed: natural waters from water intake “Almaty SU”, “Medeu” tract, Zhaiyk river, from the well of experimental metallurgical production of IMOB. As recycled water was analyzed water taken from the water treatment unit of deep oil refining production. Turbidity was measured using HACH 2100Q turbidimeter and 2100Qis turbidimeter (USA). Cell morphology of microorganism cultures was studied by light microscopy using a MicroOptix MX-1150 (T) stereoscopic-sotrinocular microscope.

Results: An effective and technologically simple method of obtaining aluminum polyoxychloride with the content of the main substance from 33 to 41.0% by Al2O3 and basicity from 55.1 to 66.5% has been developed. The method consists in dissolution of aluminum alloy activated by metal-activators (indium, gallium, tin) in the amount

of 0.5–1.0 wt.% of each in 3% HCl. Physico-chemical and microbiological parameters of natural and industrial recycled water have been studied. The efficiency of the obtained aluminum polyoxychloride for treatment and conditioning of drinking water and industrial recycled water was evaluated.

Conclusion: Unique alloys with high energy characteristics based on aluminum containing indium, gallium, tin from 0.5–1.0 wt.% have been created. The alloy has high activity in various oxidizing media (water, hydrochloric acid). A technologically simple method of obtaining aluminum polyoxychloride has been developed. Chemical and microbiological composition of natural and industrial recycled water has been studied. Coagulants based on activated aluminum alloys are effective in the processes of conditioning and purification of natural and recycled water from toxic compounds, have bactericidal activity, the level of gram-negative bacteria is reduced to 73%,

gram-positive bacteria to 84% and to 96% of other groups of microorganisms. Fungi and yeasts (Mucor, Fusarium) were not detected after water treatment. Efficiency of water turbidity reduction reaches 90–99%, permanganate oxidizability up to 93%.

Kazakhstan journal for oil & gas industry. 2024;6(3):102-111
pages 102-111 views
Study of biotechnological potential of hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria from oil-contaminated soils of the Uzen oil field
Maksut D.M., Bidzhieva S.K., Bissenova M.A., Ayapbergenov Y.O., Sabaldash V.V.
Abstract

Background: Oil-contaminated soils are one of the significant environmental concerns in Western Kazakhstan. Cleaning soils from oil contamination is becoming extremely important. Biological soil treatment, which uses hydrocarbon-oxiding bacteria for microbiological remediation, is a more environmentally friendly and delicate method of soil treatment than any other currently used technology (physical, chemical, biological). One of the important aspects of microbiological remediation is the use of bacteria endomimic to the treated soil. This guarantees the most effective soil purification, as the bacteria perform in relatively optimal conditions for themselves. The soil of the Mangistau region, especially the coastal regions, is distinctive due to its high mineralisation and low moisture content, which have helped to form a specific microflora that is adapted to these conditions.

Aim: The study aims to search and isolate highly effective hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria that are native to highly mineralized soils of the Uzen oil field.

Materials and methods: The research employs a variety of analytical techniques, including water chemistry analysis and infrared spectrometry, as well as the microbiological culture of aerobic bacteria on liquid and dense media in environments (temperature and salinity) that closely resemble their native ecotopes.

Results: Four enrichment cultures of hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria were obtained, and three pure cultures of oil-oxidizing bacteria were isolated. Their hydrocarbon-oxidizing efficiency has been studied. On the basis of heavy, extremely viscous paraffinic oil from the Uzen field, their hydrocarbon-oxidizing efficiency was examined.

Conclusion: In this study, active enrichment cultures of halophilic hydrocarbon-oxidizing bacteria as well as active accumulative cultures of halophilic and moderately thermophilic aerobic bacteria were obtained. These bacteria are capable of oxidising a wide range of hydrocarbons, including high-molecular polycyclic and sulfur-containing compounds. Their high biotechnological potential will be studied in further studies.

Kazakhstan journal for oil & gas industry. 2024;6(3):112-123
pages 112-123 views

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